Association Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity and Cardiometabolic Index in the Context of Cardiovascular Risk

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to investigate its potential
clinical relevance in cardiovascular risk assessment.
Materials and Methods: A total of 158 patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) with a preliminary diagnosis of sleep apnea between January 2022 and July
2023 were included. Demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, comorbidities, biochemical parameters, and CMI values were analyzed.
Results: Of the 158 patients, 112 (70.9%) were male. CMI values increased significantly with increasing OSA severity (p=0.03). A weak but statistically significant
positive correlation was found between the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) and CMI (r=0.21, p<0.001, 95% CI: 0.001–0.020). An absolute difference of 0.88 units in
CMI was observed between patients with severe OSA and those with simple snoring. Although CMI values were higher in patients with cardiovascular disease, this
difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.385).
Conclusion: There is a significant positive association between OSA severity and CMI. CMI may serve as a simple and practical marker reflecting an adverse
cardiometabolic profile associated with cardiovascular risk in patients with OSA.