Selçuk Tıp Dergisi Arşiv

The aim of this study was to investigate the histological changes in testis of rats exposed to cigarette smoke and effects of caffeic acid phenetyl ester (CAPE) on these changes. Fort his purpose, 21 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Animals in Group I were used as control. Rats in Group II were exposed to cigarette smoke and rats in Group III were exposed to cigarette smoke and injected daily with CAPE. At the end of the 60-days experimental period, all rats were killed by decapitation. Serum testosterone analysis were performed in the blood samples obtained from the animals. Following routine histological procedures, testicular tissue specimenswere examined under a light microscope. In our study, serum testosterone levels and diameters of seminiferous tubules were found to be decreased in rats exposed to cigarette smoke and these were prevented by the administration of CAPE. Light microscopic examination of testis specimens from rats exposed to cigarette smoke revealed that congestion of vessels and increase of connective tissue in the interstitial space. Additionally, there was vacuolization in the seminiferous tubules and a decrease in spermatogenetic cells. Whereas, exposure of cigarette smoke induced histological changes were not seen in rats exposed to cigarette smoke and injected with CAPE. In conclusion, it was observed that testicular functions of rats exposed to cigarette smoke were decreased and this decrease was prevented by administration of CAPE.

Objective: To evaluate the chest roentgenogram and CT findings of 63 patients with pulmonary hydatid disease. Methods: Sixty-three (27 female and 36 male, aged between 3 and 76 years) patients with surgically proven pulmonary hydatid cysts were included to the study. Chest roentgenogram and thorax CT were obtained from all the patients. Radiological features (number, localization, diameter, internal architecture) were determined. Results: On CT examination, 107 cysts were determined but on 78 of 107 cysts were detected on chest roentgenogram. Single cysts were seen in 36 patients, while multiple cysts were seen in 27 on CT. Eighteen cysts were larger than 10 cm in diameter. CT scan showed crescent sign (3 patients), water lily sign (9 patients), air-fluid level (11 patients), dry cyst sign (8 patients), and homogenous shadow (46 patients). In addition, atelectasis (n 17), pleural effusion (n 29), and pericystic infiltration (n 38) were also seen on CT. On the other hand, 58 cysts were homogenous and 20 cysts were rüptüred on chest roentgenogram. Conclusion: Although chest roentgenogram is helpful for diagnosis of pulmonary hydatid disease, CT examination must be done to evaluation nature and localization of cysts.

In this study, we have planned to determine: The vaccination situation of the two age groups of children in the first and fifth classes of the primary schools of Konya province by looking at the BCG scars; the effects of BCG vaccination to tuberculin tests; the tuberculin reaction that can distinguish the natural infection in one time vaccinated children. We have also investigated the situation of tuberculosis infection in Konya province for contituting data for our region. We have included 2652 students of first and fifth classes of the primary school (1374 and 1188). 414 (16.2%) of the children had no BCG vaccinations. 2029 (%79.2) of the vaccinated 2148 children had only one and 119 (%4.6) children had two vaccinations. Mean tuberculin endurations were respectively 1,186±2,188 mm 4,489±4,643 mm and 10.890±4.037 mm in unvaccinated and in the children who had waccinated twice. Morower, 9(%2.2) of the unvaccinated 414 children, 438 (21.6) of one time vaccinated 2029 children and 85 (%70.5) of two times vaccinated 119 children had 10mm or larger endurtions. The infection rate was %4.2 in the whole group. In the group of unvaccinated children, the risk of yearly infections was 0.22 in the 7 year old children group and 0.31 in the 11 year old children group. As a result, we have determined that vaccinations in the newborn age group are succesfull but revaccinations are not enough. BCG vaccination is increasing the tuberculin reaction and pozitive tuberculin enduration is ≤14 mm.

We evaluated retrospectively 230 new pulmonary tuberculosis from 395 tuberculosis patient that were applied to Konya Mümtaz Koru Dispansery between years 1998 and 2001. 123 patients (53.5%) was smear (+) and 24 (10.4%) was smear (-). 83 (36.1%) patients had been diagnosed without suputum test. The percentages of suputum test and bacteriological diagnosis were 27% and 25.3% in 1998, 70% and 51.1% in 1999, 83.3% and 77.8% in 2000, 96% and 74% in 2001 respectively. 57 (46.34%) of the 123 ARB (+) cases was treated as cure and 55 (44.71%) as completion of the treatment. Our total treatment success and cure rates were 85% and 5% in 1998, 91.6% and 50% in 1999, 95.2% and 40.5% in 2000, 89.1% and 72.9% in 2001 respectively. %54.4 of pulmonary tuberculosis cases were 15-34 years old. Although the rate of the application of patients to the dispansery were low between 1998 and 2001 the rate of bacteriolojical diagnosis was increased throughout the years but our cure rates did not reach to the suggecful level of WHO.

Purpose: to evaluate the ocular and periorbital anthropometric measurments in young adults and adults. Methods: Our study were enrolled two different age groups, first group (young adults) was consisted of 200 medical students aged between 18 to 21(19.73±1.6) years, and second group (adults) consisted of 150 patients aged between 42 to 65 (52.48±9.2) years who were examined in department of opthalmology. Cases with history of trauma and congenital anomaly were excluded from the study. In all cases the intercanthal distance (ICD), the outercanthal distance (OCD), the interpupillary distance (IPD), the palpebral fissure height (PFH) and the palpebral fissure distance (PFD) were measured. Measurments were performed by the same examiner using a single electronic compass instrument. In both groups the measurments between males and females as well as the measurments of the same gender between the both groups were compared. Results: In the evaluation of the measurments, in ICD, OCD and IPD there was statistically significant differencess between the genders (ie male/female) in same group (p<0.05), while there was no statistically significant differencess between the gender in the same group, while there was statistically significant differencess in between the two groups (p<0.05), and in PFH there was statistically significant differencess between the genders in the first group (p<0.05), however there was no such defferencess in the second group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our results on one hand and the contrary results of other studies on the other hand, arise the need for further studies including different ages and ethnics groups to set standarts for ocular and periorbital anthropometric measurments. These measurments in healthy subjects may be useful guide for early identification of some dysmorphological abnormalities and of planning surgical intervention.

Objective: To investigate the effects of difFerent volüme resuscitation regimens on organ functions in uncontrol­ led haemorrhagic shock before surgical control of bleeding. Material and methods: Total 37 New-Zeland type rabbits divided into fourgroups designated as S(sham, n=7), C(control, n=10), ECR(early controlled resuscitation, n=10) and EFRfeariy fast resuscitation, n=10). Rabbits were let bleeding until mean arterial pressure decreased to 30 mmHg then intracut was taken out to permet free bleeding. S group is sham-operated group. Group C did not receive any volüme replacement for an hour after the onset of shock. Volüme resuscitation with şalin begin- ned at rate 2 cc/kg/min to achive MAP 60 mmHg in group ECR while volüme resuscitation with şalin beginned at rate 4 cc/kg/min to achive MAP 80 mmHg in group EFR. Bleeding was controlled at first hour in study groups and resuscitation went on foran hour. Liverand renal function tests and haematocrit values were studied basally, first hour and 24th hour respectively. Results: Urea and creatinin levels increased at the first hour in group C. SGOT levels were found to be elevated at 24 hours in group O, ECR, and EFR. Haematocrit values were decreased at 24th hour in group C, ECR, and EFR. Most severe decrease in haematocrit values were observed in group EFR. Conclusion: it is concluded that early controlled resuscitation in haemorrhagic shock is effective in preventing the organ damage that can develop during haemorrhagic shock when compared to late oragressive resuscitation.

Prostaglandins (PG) are very effective ocular hyper-and hypotensive agents in the mammalian eye, with the direc- tion and magnitude of the intraocular pressure (IOP) change varying by species, PG and dose. İt is generally agreed that these drugs reduce intraocular pressure primarily by increasing uveoscleral outflovv. They may also increase trabecular outflovv facility though available evidence is less convincing. İt has been hypothesized that PGs may increase facility of uveascleral outflow in addition to their other mechanisms, but this has not yet been test- ed. Its potent ocular hypotensive action in primates, including man, Prostaglandin F2 alfa has received substantial study as a potential anti-glaucoma therapeutic agent, but the specific PG receptor(s) involved in ali aspects of the response are unknovvn. In studying prostaglandin and prostaglandin analogs, there are a diverse variety of prostanoid receptor selective agonists. These included DP, EP (EP-ı, EP2 EP3), FP, İP and TP receptor selective compounds.

Aim: To report an immature teratoma case that was differentiated from mature teratoma. Case report: A 29 year old woman consulted to Gynecology and Obsterics clinic vvith pelvic pain. İn the histoıy of the patient, it was un- derstood that she had left sided ooferectomy due to left ovarial cyst. At that time the ovarial pathologyhad been reported as normal. İn the pelvic examination of the patient a pelvic mass that can not be differentiated from ute- rus was detected. İn the pelvic ultrasonography of the patient, at the right ovarial area a smooth bordered hete- rogenous mass that had calcified areas vvith in the body, and that was measured as to be 11x11 cm and found to have solid and cystic components was detected.İn the laboratory finding AFP: 10,5 (0-7), CEA: 6,4 (0-4,1), CA 125: 32,9 (0-21), CA19.9: 322 (0-18,4), CA 15.3 :24,5 (7,5-53 ), HCG < 1 was found. The patient had been operated, the right ovarial mass extirpation and right ooferectomy had been done. The diagnosis vvith the histopathological examination of the mass was defined as immature teratoma grade-l. Conclusion: İt is needed to get several biop- sies of the pathological spesimen in order not to skip. The immature components of the teratomas and neural com­ ponents should be shown vvith immunohistochemical methods.

Salivary gland tumours are rare, and majority occur in the parotid gland. Minör salivary gland tumors are approx- imately 10 times less frequent than the majör salivary gland tumors. However they have a higher incidence of malignancy. The most common site of malignant minör salivary gland tumors is the hard palate. The base of tongue is the second common site. The majority of these tumours are adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepider- moid carcinoma. We present here a 53-year-old female with adenoid cystic carcinoma of the base of the tongue as a rare case. The literatüre was revievved and characteristics of this tümör are discussed